I am interested the adaptive significance of coloration in mammals and I use comparative phylogenetic methods, simple field experiments and sophisticated photographic methodology to understand the evolution of coloration in this group. I am writing a book applying recent breakthroughs in animal coloration to explaining the ecology, genetic architecture and evolution of coloration in mammals. My key achievements are discovering why zebras have stripes, why giant pandas are black and white, why carnivores are camouflaged and warningly coloured, making systematic generalizations about the functions of coloration in ungulates and primates, and giving historical perspectives.

I also work in Tanzania on conservation and basic science issues. Currently I am investigating the colour polymorphism of the coconut crab, the world's largest terrestrial crab, and trying to find ways to protect it. I collaborate on large scale national conservation strategies in Tanzania and Zanzibar.