Three-year population study supports fight to save Cameroon’s Kordofan giraffe

Camera trap image of Kordofan giraffe living in Bénoué National Park, CameroonBristol Zoological Society

Aerial image of Kordofan giraffe living in Cameroon's Bénoué National ParkUniversity of Bristol

Press release issued: 23 January 2024

Crucial new data about the numbers of Critically Endangered Kordofan giraffe living within Cameroon’s Bénoué National Park has been released, supporting conservation efforts to save the subspecies from extinction.

Researchers from the University of Bristol and Bristol Zoological Society have carried out a three-year study using imagery of giraffe from a variety of sources, including camera traps, to establish how many of the highly threatened mammals remain within the park.

Their findings, which have been published in the African Journal of Ecology, present the first reliable estimate of giraffe population size for the region and will help conservationists monitor the threats they are facing.

The paper concluded that as few as 27 individuals remain within the park, highlighting the vital importance of ongoing efforts by Bristol Zoological Society and others to minimise threats from poaching and mounting human pressures.

Giraffe in the park are a target for illegal hunting, which poses a serious threat to the population. An alarming recent study, also led by Bristol Zoological Society and University of Bristol, found that without intervention, poaching of just two Kordofan giraffe per year could result in extinction of the population in just 15 years.

The Society has been working to conserve giraffe in Cameroon since 2017. It is thought there are fewer than 2,000 Kordofan giraffe remaining in the wild – a decline of 85% since the 1980s.

The paper’s lead author, Connor Parks, undertook the study as part of his Master’s in Global Wildlife Health and Conservation at Bristol Vet School, in conjunction with teaching partner Bristol Zoological Society. Connor is among more than 400 students who annually undertake one of the six degrees the Society offers, in partnership with UWE, the University of Bristol and SGS College.

Connor Parks explained: "Our study has shown a significant population of Kordofan giraffe still occur within the park, with many more living in the surrounding landscape. It also emphasises that continued conservation efforts are vital if we are to further support the subspecies in Cameroon. This should include strengthening existing anti-poaching regulations and protecting wildlife movement corridors."

Dr Caspian Johnson, a conservation scientist and lecturer at Bristol Zoological Society said: "Habitat degradation and illegal hunting has already seen the loss of cheetah, black rhino, and all resident elephants from Bénoué National Park. It is paramount we do not lose another precious species from this area.

"These studies provide us with the crucial baseline data needed to determine how giraffe population size and structure may change in the future. This will help us inform the conservation action and management practices needed to protect giraffe in Bénoué National Park."

Papers

'Preliminary population estimate of Kordofan giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum) in two areas of the Benoué complex, Cameroon' by Connor Parks, Caspian Johnson et al. in African Journal of Ecology [open access]

'Viability analysis of Kordofan giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum) in a protected area in Cameroon' by Kane P. J. Colston, Caspian L. Johnson et al. in African Journal of Ecology

Further information

The Bristol Zoological Society managed project is supported by IUCN Save Our Species and co-funded by the European Union International Partnerships.

Visitors to Bristol Zoo Project, which is located in the South West of England, can learn more about the Society’s work in Cameroon at its giraffe habitat, where three giraffe live in a recreation of part of Bénoué National Park.

To find out more about Bristol Zoological Society’s education work and conservation programmes across the globe, visit www.bristolzoo.org.uk

Study at Bristol Veterinary School

The University of Bristol Veterinary School offers a range of undergraduate courses including:

The BVSc Veterinary Medicine: Accelerated Graduate Entry Programme for students with a relevant first degree;
The five-year BVSc Veterinary Science degree;
BSc Veterinary Nursing and Companion Animal Behaviour degree.

In addition, they also offer a number of postgraduate courses including:

The MSc Global Wildlife Health and Conservation;
Continuing professional development courses provided from leading research academics.

Based at Bristol's Langford Campus, Bristol Veterinary School boasts first-class clinical facilities and encompasses a small animal hospital, a dairy farm, diagnostic laboratories, and farm animal, small animal and equine practices.

About Bristol Zoological Society

Bristol Zoological Society is a conservation and education charity which owns and runs Bristol Zoo Project.
The Society is involved in 84 co-ordinated breeding programmes for threatened wildlife species.
The Society works in eight countries, including the UK, and directs 14 field conservation projects with 31 local partner organisations that conserve and protect some of the world’s most threatened species.
The zoo is home to animals from around the world including giraffes, cheetahs, zebras, deer, ostrich, gelada baboons and lemurs.
It also includes the award-winning Bear Wood, which is home to brown bears, lynxes, wolverines and wolves.
The zoo is located near Junction 17 of the M5 motorway.
To deliver the Society’s mission of “Saving Wildlife Together” and to safeguard the future of Bristol Zoological Society, it is creating a new conservation zoo with immersive animal habitats.
At the new zoo, around 80 percent of animals will be linked to the Society’s conservation work in the UK and around the world.
Construction is expected to begin in 2024 and will be completed in phases over a number of years. The attraction will remain open throughout the development.
Visit www.bristolzoo.org.uk for more information.