The research, led by the University of Bristol and University of Western Australia, explored how people's views and attitudes were influenced by fact-checks of political misinformation, and whether this differed depending on whether the misinformation supported their party and also if they shared the same stance on a big issue, namely Brexit. 

The participants were an adult sample of the UK population, and the politicians were chosen to balance both party (Tory vs Labour) and Brexit position (Remainer vs Leaver in each party). 

The findings showed that overall, people were receptive to information they received about politicians’ statements. They believed accurate statements more after being told they were true, and they reduced belief in false statements after being told they were false. This occurred regardless of whether people shared the politicians’ party or their Brexit position. People also were less likely to vote for politicians who made multiple false statements, especially when they were from their preferred party. 

When asked about their voting intentions, people unsurprisingly favoured candidates from their preferred party, irrespective of the candidate’s position on Brexit. However, by contrast, the alignment between politicians’ and voters’ position on Brexit mattered considerably less, suggesting that polarisation is greater along party lines than across the Brexit divide. 

Robert Reason, co-lead author who is studying for a Master’s in Psychology at the University of Bristol, said: “Whilst polarisation was found to be more apparent along party lines, our findings demonstrate that participants could still update their beliefs when presented with correcting information and they were not simply overwhelmed by their own motivated reasoning.”

The results indicate that despite the divisive and often toxic rhetoric surrounding the Brexit decision, the British public has not embraced this new dividing line as much as traditional party affiliation. The international team of researchers remarked that Partisan divides may be stronger because they are generally longer-standing and also encompass views on a wide variety of political topics, such as jobs, education, income inequality, and the way the political system works.

Fellow co-lead author, Toby Prike, from the University of Western Australia, said: “These results affirm the effectiveness of fact-checks for correcting political misinformation. Additionally, politicians were punished for spreading misinformation, with participants judging them as less accurate, and also having reduced voting intentions and more negative attitudes towards them.”

Paper

‘Would I lie to you? Party affiliation is more important than Brexit in processing political misinformation’ by Toby Prike, Robert Reason et al in Royal Society Open Science